In vivo MRS measurement of 2-hydroxyglutarate in patient-derived IDH-mutant xenograft mouse models versus glioma patients.
JavierSeptember 20, 20200 Comments
To produce a preclinical model isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) of the mutant glioma glioma patients and devise methods to test the compatibility MRS 2-hydroxyglutarate production (2HG) between preclinical models and patients.
Five patient-derived xenograft (PDX) rat glioma generated from two patients with IDH1 R132H mutation. A sequence PRESS adjusted at 9.4 T, with a phantom computer simulation and analysis, to improve the detection of 2HG in mice. 2HG and other metabolites in rats was measured using MRS optimized PDX at 9.4 T and compared with 3 T MRS measurements of metabolites in parent-tumor patients.
LCModel spectral fitting is done by using the home as a spectrum. metabolite levels were measured with reference to water.The PRESS TE optimized to 96 ms, which 2HG 2.25 ppm signal is narrow and overturned, causing a strict separation of resonance 2HG of adjacent signals from other metabolites. MRS optimized supplied precise detection 2HG in mice compared to short-TE MRS at 9.4 T. estimate of 2HG in PDX rats in good agreement with measurements of 2HG in 2HG production patients.The similarity between the model and parent PDX-tumor patients showed that the tumor PDX IDH maintain metabolic fingerprint parents and can serve as a preclinical model to improve our understanding of IDH mutations associated metabolic reprogramming.
Mutations start contributing to the development of cancer is sometimes present in premalignant cells. Is this mutation targeting therapy can eradicate premalignant cells is unclear. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an interesting system to investigate the effects of preventive treatment for the disease is often preceded by premalignant state (clonal hematopoiesis or myelodysplastic syndromes).
In Npm1c / Dnmt3a mutant knock-in mice, the model of development of AML, leukemia preceded by an extended period of myeloid progenitor cell proliferation and self-renewal. We discovered that this self-renewal can be reversed with oral administration of small molecule (VTP-50 469) that targets MLL1-Menin chromatin complexes. The results of the preclinical support the hypothesis that high-risk individuals develop AML may benefit from targeted epigenetic therapy in the prevention setting.
In vivo MRS measurement of 2-hydroxyglutarate in patient-derived IDH-mutant xenograft mouse models versus glioma patients.
The acquisition of genetic mutations in a group A streptococcus at the site of infection and subsequent systemic spread of the mutant with a lethal mutation in a mouse model of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is caused mainly by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus, GAS), and has a mortality rate of 25%. Mutations in CsrRS and RopB, which suppresses the transcription of many virulence factors, was recently found in clinical isolates from STSS patients, but do not fully understand when and where GAS acquire a mutation in the host.
To resolve this question, we use our mouse models of human STSS GAS strains to recover from the injection sites, spleen and blood of mice dying with STSS-like symptoms, and analyzing sequence covR / covS genes and genes encoding ropB CsrRS and RopB. Fifteen of the twenty mice were inoculated transdermally into the muscle with GAS organisms become moribund with STSS-like symptoms after more than 20 days after the inoculation.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Liver: Right Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Our tissue products are produced by strictly following the IRB ethical standards and procedures and from highest quality tissues. Immediately after collection the tissues are placed in liquid nitrogen and examined by certified pathologists. The thickness of each individual section is ~5um. They are Hematoxylin and Eosin stained and quality tested by immunostaining with anti-beta-actin antibodies. Our tissue products are suitable for various studies on cellular level (RNA localization, Protein expression, etc.) on both normal and pathological cases. It is also an excellent control and educational tool.
Paraffin Tissue Section - Human Adult Normal: Liver
Description: Our tissue products are produced by strictly following the IRB ethical standards and procedures and from highest quality tissues. Immediately after collection the tissues are placed in liquid nitrogen and examined by certified pathologists. The thickness of each individual section is ~5um. They are Hematoxylin and Eosin stained and quality tested by immunostaining with anti-beta-actin antibodies. Our tissue products are suitable for various studies on cellular level (RNA localization, Protein expression, etc.) on both normal and pathological cases. It is also an excellent control and educational tool.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Amygdala
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Cerebellum
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Hippocampus
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Pituitary
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Colon Ascending
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Colon Descending
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Colon Sigmoid
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Colon Transverse
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Fallopian Tube
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Skeletal Muscle
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Salivary Gland
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Small Intestine
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Stomach: Cardia
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Stomach: Corpus
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Stomach: Fundus
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Stomach: Pylorus
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Uterus: Cervix
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Uterus: Corpus
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Uterus: Fundus
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
First-Strand cDNA Synthesis SuperMix (cDNA up to 12 kb)
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Monkey (Cynomolgus) Normal Tissue: Liver
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
igScript First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit - 25 Reactions
To order instruments in 115V / US plug please delete the 'E' off the order code.European 2 pin plugs will be supplied as standard, please request UK if required.
To order instruments in 115V / US plug please delete the 'E' off the order code.European 2 pin plugs will be supplied as standard, please request UK if required.
To order instruments in 115V / US plug please delete the 'E' off the order code.European 2 pin plugs will be supplied as standard, please request UK if required.
FFPE Genomic DNA - Human Adult Normal Tissue: Liver
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Total Protein from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Liver
Description: Can be used for various proteomics studies in both normal and pathological cases. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes. This product is prepared from whole tissue homogenates and has undergone SDS-PAGE quality control analysis. The protein is stored in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail fo prevent degradation.
Membrane Protein from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Liver
Description: Can be used for various proteomics studies in both normal and pathological cases. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes. This product is prepared from whole tissue homogenates and has undergone SDS-PAGE quality control analysis. The protein is stored in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail fo prevent degradation.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression and regulation, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various proteomics studies in both normal and pathological cases. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes. This product is prepared from whole tissue homogenates and has undergone SDS-PAGE quality control analysis. The protein is stored in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail fo prevent degradation.
Chicken (Normal/Adult) Universal (pool of tissue cDNA)
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Blood Vessel: Vein
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Cerebellum (left)
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Cerebellum (right)
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Cerebral Cortex
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Corpus Callosum
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Olfactory (region)
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Brain: Vermis Cerebelli
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Small Intestine: Duodenum
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Heart: Aorta Valve
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Heart: Atrium (left)
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Heart: Atrium (right)
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Heart: Ventricle (left)
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Heart: Ventricle (right)
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Peripheral Blood Leukocyte
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Small Intestine: Ileum
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Small Intestine: Jejunum
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Lung: Left Upper Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Lung: Right Lower Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Lung: Right Middle Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Lung: Right Upper Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Monkey (Rhesus) Normal Tissue: Liver: Left Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Monkey (Cynomolgus) Normal Tissue: Liver: Left Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Monkey (Rhesus) Normal Tissue: Liver: Right Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
cDNA from Monkey (Cynomolgus) Normal Tissue: Liver: Right Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
All-in-One First-Strand cDNA Synthesis SuperMix for PCR
Description: Can be used for various proteomics studies in both normal and pathological cases. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes. This product is prepared from whole tissue homogenates and has undergone SDS-PAGE quality control analysis. The protein is stored in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail fo prevent degradation.
Total Protein from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Liver: Right Lobe
Description: Can be used for various proteomics studies in both normal and pathological cases. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes. This product is prepared from whole tissue homogenates and has undergone SDS-PAGE quality control analysis. The protein is stored in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail fo prevent degradation.
Membrane Protein from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Liver: Left Lobe
Description: Can be used for various proteomics studies in both normal and pathological cases. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes. This product is prepared from whole tissue homogenates and has undergone SDS-PAGE quality control analysis. The protein is stored in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail fo prevent degradation.
Total RNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Liver: Left Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression and regulation, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Total RNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Liver: Right Lobe
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression and regulation, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Matching Pair - cDNA from Human Primary Tumor and Normal Tissue: Liver
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Total RNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue: Liver, Ambient temperature shipping
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression and regulation, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Total RNA from Human Adult Normal Tissue 5 Donor Pool: Liver
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression and regulation, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
Description: Can be used for various studies in the realm of gene expression, both normal and pathological. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes.
We found that all strains of GAS are propagated recovered from blood and spleen of mice dying have a good mutation in a gene or genes covR covS. Site mutations in the GAS strains recovered from blood and spleen identical in each mouse, while strains recovered from muscle strains including a mixture of disseminated, other mutant strains and the parent strain.
 cDNA Normal Tissue: Liver)
 Whole tissue lysate)
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 Normal Tissue: Liver)
 Normal Tissue: Liver)
 Universal (pool of tissue cDNA))
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 Normal Tissue: Liver: Left Lobe)
 Normal Tissue: Liver: Left Lobe)
 Normal Tissue: Liver: Right Lobe)
 Normal Tissue: Liver: Right Lobe)
